Mushroom Spawn

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What Is Mushroom Spawn?

Mushroom spawn is essentially a medium that has been inoculated with mycelium—the vegetative growth of a fungus. The mycelium is responsible for colonizing the growing mediu(substrate), which leads to the fruiting of mushrooms. In simpler terms, mushroom spawn is a medium, typically grain or sawdust, that has already been infused with mycelium, making it ready to be added to a bulk substrate to grow mushrooms.

Different types of medium are used to produce mushroom spawn, with grain being one of the most popular. Grain spawn is highly effective because it provides a nutrient-dense medium for the mycelium to grow rapidly, allowing it to colonize the bulk substrate it is added to quickly. Another option is Sawdust Spawn. Rootlab produces both types of spawns. Grain spawn can be bought instantly and shipped in a few days if it's in stock; sawdust spawn is prepared on order and takes about two weeks to dispatch.

How Mushroom Spawn Works?

When mushroom spawn is added to a bulk substrate, such as straw, compost, or sawdust, the mycelium from the spawn will begin to grow and spread throughout the substrate in a process known as colonization. Once the mycelium has fully colonized the substrate, it will begin the process of fruiting, producing mushrooms. This process is called inoculation, which involves introducing mycelium to the bulk substrate to initiate mushroom growth.

The success of the mushroom-growing process depends heavily on the quality of the spawn. High-quality mushroom grain spawn ensures that the mycelium is strong, healthy, and capable of rapidly colonizing the substrate, leading to better yields and fewer chances of contamination.

Different Mushroom Species for Cultivation

Mushroom cultivation offers a wide range of choices in terms of species, each with its own unique characteristics, flavors, and cultivation requirements. Here’s a look at some popular mushroom species you can grow using grain spawn:

1. Pink Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus djamor)

Pink Oyster mushrooms are visually striking with their vibrant pink color. They are known for their quick growth and ability to adapt to a variety of substrates, making them ideal for beginners. Pink Oysters thrive in warmer conditions and produce clusters of delicate, coral-like mushrooms.

  • Optimal Growing Conditions: Warm temperatures (20-30°C) and high humidity.
  • Substrate Preference: Straw (preferably grain straw), sugarcane mulch, Hardwood sawdust, sawdust enriched with 20% bran, masters mix (an equal mix of sawdust and soy pellets), or a mix of straw and coffee grounds.

2. Yellow Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus citrinopileatus)

Yellow Oyster mushrooms are known for their bright yellow hue and nutty flavor. They grow rapidly and produce beautiful, fan-shaped fruiting bodies. Like Pink Oysters, they prefer warm conditions and are highly productive.

  • Optimal Growing Conditions: 20-30°C with high humidity.
  • Substrate Preference: Straw (preferably grain straw), sugarcane mulch, Hardwood sawdust, sawdust enriched with 20% bran, masters mix (an equal mix of sawdust and soy pellets), or a mix of straw and coffee grounds.

3. Lion’s Mane Mushroom (Hericium erinaceus)

Lion’s Mane mushrooms are highly sought for their medicinal properties and unique, cascading appearance. They produce large, fluffy clusters resembling a lion’s mane and have a texture similar to seafood when cooked.

  • Optimal Growing Conditions: Cooler temperatures (15-22°C) and moderate humidity.
  • Substrate Preference: Hardwood sawdust, sawdust enriched with 20% bran, masters mix (an equal mix of sawdust and soy pellets), or a mix of straw and coffee grounds.
  • It is best to sterelize a Lion's mane substrate.

4. Shiitake Mushroom (Lentinula edode)

Shiitake mushrooms are one of the most popular mushrooms worldwide, known for their rich, umami flavor and numerous health benefits. Shiitake spawn is often used to inoculate logs for outdoor cultivation, but it can also be grown on sawdust indoors.

  • Optimal Growing Conditions: Cooler temperatures (12-22°C).
  • Substrate Preference: Hardwood sawdust, Hardwood logs, straw(only for Straw Shiitake strain), and sawdust enriched with 20% bran.
  • Masters Mix, which is 50% hardwood sawdust and 50% soy pellet, is not a great mix for Shiitake mushrooms as it doesn't like more than 20% supplementation, which in Masters mix is 50%.

5. Chestnut Mushroom (Pholiota adiposa)

Chestnut mushrooms are known for their rich, nutty flavor and attractive brown caps. They grow well on sawdust and are suitable for both indoor and outdoor cultivation.

  • Optimal Growing Conditions: 15-22°C with high humidity.
  • Substrate Preference: Hardwood sawdust, sawdust enriched with 20% bran, masters mix (an equal mix of sawdust and soy pellets).

6. Blue Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus columbinus)

Blue Oyster mushrooms are named for their striking blue color during early stages of growth. They are hardy and grow quickly, making them a favorite for both beginners and experienced cultivators.

  • Optimal Growing Conditions: Cooler temperatures (10-18°C).
  • Substrate Preference: Straw (preferably grain straw), sugarcane mulch, Hardwood sawdust, sawdust enriched with 20% bran, masters mix (an equal mix of sawdust and soy pellets), or a mix of straw and coffee grounds.

7. Wine Cap Mushroom (Stropharia rugosoannulata)

Also known as Garden Giants, Wine Cap mushrooms are ideal for outdoor garden beds. They are known for their large, reddish-brown caps and ability to grow in a variety of outdoor environments.

  • Optimal Growing Conditions: 12-25°C.
  • Substrate Preference: Wood chips, straw, or compost, cardboard.
  • Read our Blog on growing Wine cap.

8. King Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii)

King Oyster mushrooms have thick, meaty stems and small caps, making them excellent for culinary uses. They prefer cooler temperatures and have a longer growing cycle compared to other Oyster mushrooms.

  • Optimal Growing Conditions: 15-20°C.
  • Substrate Preference:Hardwood sawdust, sawdust enriched with 20% bran, masters mix (an equal mix of sawdust and soy pellets).
  • King Oysters have more complex food requirements than other oysters, so they are best grown on above-mentioned substrate rather than on straw.

9. Reishi Mushroom (Ganoderma steyaertanum)

Reishi mushrooms are renowned for their medicinal properties and are traditionally used in herbal medicine. They have a tough, woody texture and are primarily used for making teas and tinctures rather than culinary purposes.

  • Optimal Growing Conditions: 22-28°C.
  • Substrate Preference: Hardwood sawdust, sawdust enriched with 20% bran, masters mix (an equal mix of sawdust and soy pellets), logs

10. Enoki Mushroom (Flammulina velutipes)

Enoki mushrooms are long, thin, and white, often used in soups and Asian cuisine. They require cooler temperatures and can be grown in jars or bottles to achieve their characteristic shape.

  • Optimal Growing Conditions: 10-15°C.
  • Substrate Preference: Hardwood sawdust, sawdust enriched with 20% bran.

11. Field Blewit Mushroom (Clitocybe nuda)

Field Blewit mushrooms are known for their vibrant purple color and earthy flavor. They grow well in outdoor beds and are often found in forested areas.

  • Optimal Growing Conditions: 12-18°C.
  • Substrate Preference: Leaf litter, compost, or straw.
  • Read our Blog on growing Field Blewits.

Choosing the Right Mushroom Species

Selecting the suitable mushroom species to cultivate depends on several factors, including your growing environment, the type of substrate available, and your desired end use. If you’re a beginner, Oyster mushrooms (Pink, Yellow, Blue, White or Tan) are great options due to their adaptability and fast-growing nature. If you’re looking for a mushroom with medicinal benefits, consider growing Lion’s Mane, Reishi, Shiitake or Turkey Tail.Although Shiitake and Lions mane can also be used as gourmet mushrooms.

Key Considerations for Choosing Mushroom Spawn

  1. Growing Environment: Temperature and humidity play a huge role in determining which species will thrive.
  2. Substrate Availability: Ensure that the substrate you have matches the preferences of the species.
  3. Purpose: Are you growing for culinary use, medicinal properties, or ornamental purposes?

The Importance of High-Quality Mushroom Spawn

When growing mushrooms, the quality of your mushroom spawn can significantly impact the overall success of your crop. Poor-quality spawn can lead to slow colonization, contamination, or low yields. For this reason, it’s essential to source your spawn from a reputable supplier.

At Rootlab, we pride ourselves on providing high-quality mushroom grain spawn that is cultured in sterile conditions and grown on nutrient-rich Australian wheat grains. Our spawn is produced in clean rooms and laboratories to ensure minimal risk of contamination and maximum growth potential.

Using high-quality mushroom spawn offers several key benefits:

  • Faster Colonization: Healthy, strong mycelium grows quickly, allowing your substrate to be fully colonized in a shorter amount of time.
  • Increased Yields: With rapid colonization comes higher mushroom yields. A strong network of mycelium will produce more fruiting bodies.
  • Reduced Risk of Contamination: High-quality spawn is less likely to introduce contaminants to your growing environment, ensuring a more successful crop.
  • Consistency: Reliable spawn leads to consistent results, making it easier for growers to predict harvest times and yields.

How to Use Mushroom Spawn

Using mushroom spawn is a relatively simple process, but attention to detail is essential to avoid contamination and ensure successful mushroom growth. Here’s a step-by-step guide to using mushroom grain spawn:

  1. Prepare Your Substrate: Choose your bulk substrate based on the type of mushroom you’re growing. Popular options include straw, sawdust, compost, or wood chips. Make sure the substrate is properly pasteurized or sterilized to minimize the risk of contamination.
  2. Inoculate the Substrate: Once your substrate is ready, you can mix in the mushroom spawn. Spread the spawn evenly throughout the substrate to ensure even colonization by the mycelium.
  3. Incubate: After inoculating the substrate, place it in a warm, humid environment to encourage the mycelium to grow. This stage, known as incubation, allows the mycelium to colonize the entire substrate.
  4. Fruit the Mushrooms: Once the substrate is fully colonized, you can introduce fruiting conditions by lowering the temperature and increasing humidity. This will trigger the mycelium to produce mushrooms.
  5. Harvest: After a few weeks, your mushrooms will be ready to harvest. Enjoy the fruits of your labor!

Mushroom Spawn vs. Spores

It’s important to understand the difference between mushroom spawn and spores. While both are used to grow mushrooms, they are at different stages in the mushroom life cycle.

  • Spores are the reproductive cells of mushrooms, similar to seeds in plants. They can be used to start mushroom cultures, but they require precise conditions to germinate and are more prone to contamination.
  • Mushroom spawn, on the other hand, is a substrate that has already been colonized by mycelium. Using spawn allows you to skip the initial stages of mushroom growth, resulting in faster and more reliable results.

While spores can be used to grow mushrooms, they are typically only handled in laboratory conditions due to the high risk of contamination. Mushroom spawn, however, is much more accessible for both home-growers and commercial farmers.

Why Choose RootLab for Mushroom Spawn?

At Rootlab, we offer the highest-quality mushroom grain spawn available in Australia. Our spawn is carefully cultivated in sterile, controlled environments to ensure it is free from contaminants and primed for rapid growth. We offer a variety of mushroom species to suit different growing needs, and our spawn is perfect for both small-scale home cultivation and large-scale commercial production.

Whether you’re growing oyster, shiitake, or lion’s mane mushrooms, our premium mushroom spawn will help you achieve the best possible results. Our commitment to quality ensures that our spawn is the same as what we use daily for our commercial fruiting block production.

FAQs

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The shelf life of mushroom spawn can vary based on storage conditions. Generally, if kept in a cool, dark place (ideally at temperatures between 2°C and 10°C), grain spawn can last anywhere from 2 to 3 months. However, once opened, it's best to use it within 2 weeks for optimal results, as exposure to air can lead to contamination and degradation of the spawn.

There are some temperature-sensitive tropical species, like pink oysters, almond mushrooms, and woodear, which need to be stored at 10°C. All other species not cold-sensitive can be kept at 2°C,

Spawn kept at 2°C will last for twice as long, and then spawn will be kept at 4 °C.

The best time to use any spawn is within 21 days for maximum benefit from the manufacturing date. This is only possible if you preorder your spawn or make it yourself.

The life cycle of mushroom spawn involves several stages:

  • Mycelium Growth: Once the spawn is added to the desired substrate, the mycelium spreads through the substrate, consuming nutrients and establishing a strong network.
  • Fruiting Body Formation: Once the mycelium is well-established, it triggers the formation of fruiting bodies (mushrooms) in response to environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and light.

Mushroom Maturity: The mushrooms grow to maturity, eventually producing their own spores to continue the cycle.


You can use part of the spawn and save the rest for later use. However, keeping the remaining spawn in a cool, dark place is essential to prolong its shelf life.

Make sure the bag is heat-sealed again to prevent contamination. If you do not have a heat sealer, consider our bag sealer.

Keep in mind that the quality of the saved spawn may diminish over time, so it's best to use it as soon as possible for optimal results or within 2 weeks of opening. An opened spawn has a high chance of contamination even if stored in the fridge at the ideal temperature. Try using all your spawns at the same time.

 

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